What is meant by a "theory of change" in a grant proposal?

A "theory of change" in a grant proposal refers specifically to a detailed description of how proposed activities will lead to desired outcomes. This concept is critical in grant writing as it connects the activities and interventions outlined in the proposal to the expected results, thereby providing a clear pathway for achieving goals.

By articulating a theory of change, the proposal explains the rationale behind the chosen activities, demonstrating how they are expected to instigate change and produce the desired impact. This not only helps reviewers understand the logic of the proposed project but also lays the groundwork for assessing its effectiveness. It effectively addresses the "how" and "why" of the project's approach, illustrating the assumptions and evidence that support the chosen strategies.

Other options, while related to project components, do not capture the essence of a "theory of change." For example, a general outline of project goals and objectives provides a broad framework without the necessary detail about the link between activities and outcomes. A summary of expected financial returns focuses solely on the financial aspects, which do not pertain to the change being pursued. Lastly, a plan for monitoring the project's progress addresses implementation and evaluation aspects but lacks the thorough explanation of the causal links established by a theory of change.